New Zealand Journal of Botany abstract

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B97029
Received 6 June 1997; accepted 18 December 1997

Phylogenetic relationships of species of Gingidia and related genera (Apiaceae, subfamily Apioideae)

A. D. MITCHELL

Landcare Research
P. O. Box 69
Lincoln, New Zealand

C. J. WEBB

Foundation for Research, Science and  Technology
P. O. Box 12-240
Wellington, New Zealand

S. J. WAGSTAFF

Landcare Research
P. O. Box 69
Lincoln, New Zealand

Abstract  Five genera of Australasian apioid Apiaceae (Gingidia, Scandia, Lignocarpa, Anisotome, and Aciphylla) have a complex taxonomic history with the circumscription of, and inferred relationships among, the currently accepted genera based on only morphological characters. This molecular and phylogenetic study focuses on the relationships among the taxa currently included within Gingidia using the other genera as outgroups. Phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region sequences for 17 species from these genera, and comparison with Smyrnium to root the trees, indicate that Gingidia is polyphyletic as currently circumscribed, the species belonging in two distinct monophyletic groups. However, morphological characters do not support these two groups, making taxonomic interpretation difficult. The monophyletic G. montana group includes the ditypic endemic genera Scandia and Lignocarpa, suggesting that they should not be maintained. The second monophyletic group includes G. decipiens and G. flabellata with species of Anisotome. Although our sampling of Anisotome and Aciphylla is limited, nothing in the analysis of the molecular data is inconsistent with earlier suggestions, based on morphological data, that Gingidia, Scandia, Lignocarpa, Anisotome, and Aciphylla form a monophyletic group.

Keywords  Aciphylla; Anisotome; Gingidia; Lignocarpa; Scandia; Apiaceae; Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS); maximum likelihood analysis; morphology; parsimony analysis; phylogenetic relationship; rDNA sequence data

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