New Zealand Journal of Botany abstracts
B99036Received 13 July 1999; accepted 7 September 2000
Checklist of fungi on Nothofagus species in New Zealand
E. H. C. MCKENZIE
P. K. BUCHANAN
P. R. JOHNSTON
Herbarium PDD
Landcare Research
Private Bag 92170
Auckland, New Zealand
Abstract An annotated list is provided of 906 taxa of fungi
(including oomycetes and myxomycetes) which have been recorded in New Zealand
in close association with the five endemic taxa of
Nothofagus (southern
beech), as ectomycorrhizal mycobionts, pathogens, or saprobes causing decay of
wood and leaves. The list has been compiled from data associated with specimens
held in Herbarium PDD and in Herbarium NZFRI(M), and from the literature.
Nothofagus forests are an important conservation resource, and a vast
storehouse for New Zealand fungi; approximately 35% of the known New Zealand
agaric mycota are associated with
Nothofagus, and 50% of the known
polypore species. Of the 226 named species of ectomycorrhizal fungi found in
New Zealand beech forests (205 agarics, 19 Aphyllophorales -- clavarioid,
hydnoid, etc., 1 ascomycete, 1 mitosporic fungus), about 90% are native, with
most of these being endemic. Six mycorrhizal agaric genera are especially well
represented:
Amanita (11 species),
Cortinarius (57 species),
Dermocybe (11 species),
Inocybe (13 species),
Russula (23
species), and
Thaxterogaster (13 species). Few pathogens have been
recorded. The most conspicuous of these are three
Cyttaria spp. (beech
strawberries) found only on
N. menziesii. Two mitosporic fungi,
Nodulisporium sp. and
Sporothrix sp., in association with various
insects, may be partially responsible for beech forest decline. Sooty mould
fungi, growing on honeydew secreted by scale insects, produce conspicuous black
growth on beech trees. Such growth can be caused by representatives of 10
genera of ascomycetes and mitosporic fungi, many of which also grow on other
host plants. Large numbers of saprobic fungi are recorded on beech wood or
twigs and leaf litter, and some of these cause economically significant wood
rots and sapstain.
Keywords fungi; pathogens; saprobes; ectomycorrhizae;
checklist; biodiversity; Nothofagus
New Zealand Journal of Botany, 2000, Vol. 38: 721-724
0028-825X/00/3804-0721 $7.00 (c) The Royal Society of New Zealand 2000
PDF file of entire paper: medium quality (4911K); (scanned from paper original: notes about this process)
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