New Zealand Journal of Botany abstracts
Distribution, habitat, and relation to climatic factors of the lichen genus Ramalina in New Zealand
Peter Bannister
Jennifer M. Bannister
Department of Botany
University of Otago
P.O. Box 56
Dunedin, New Zealand
Daniel J. Blanchon
Resource Management Research Group
School of Landscape and Plant Science
UNITEC
Private Bag 92025
Auckland, New Zealand
Abstract We present maps, based on herbarium records extensively supplemented by our own records, showing the distribution of the 14 species of Ramalina found in New Zealand (excluding the Kermadec, Chatham, and sub-antarctic islands). Species diversity is highest in two areas, eastern Northland (seven species) and coastal Otago (eight species). Only four species (R. canariensis, R. celastri, R. glaucescens, and R. unilateralis) are common to both main islands. Distribution is related to climate and altitude along a latitudinal gradient on the eastern side of New Zealand, from cooler, drier sites and higher altitudes in the south to warmer, moister sites and lower altitudes in the north. Species of Ramalina tend to be absent from sites with various combinations of high rainfall, high altitude, high water deficits, and extremes of temperature. Species reproducing asexually and sexually show similar relationships of frequency to spread, but with sexually reproducing species showing greater frequency at a given degree of spread.
Keywords Ramalina; Ramalina arabum; Ramalina australiensis; Ramalina canariensis; Ramalina celastri; Ramalina erumpens; Ramalina fimbriata; Ramalina exiguella; Ramalina geniculata; Ramalina glaucescens; Ramalina inflexa; Ramalina meridionalis; Ramalina pacifica; Ramalina peruviana; Ramalina riparia; Ramalina unilateralis; distribution; habitat; climate; New Zealand; lichens
B02091; Online publication date 30 March 2004; Received 24 December 2002; accepted 23 June 2003
New Zealand Journal of Botany, 2004, Vol. 42: 121-138
0028-825X/04/4201-0121 © The Royal Society of New Zealand 2004
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