New Zealand Journal of Botany abstracts
Distribution of the lichen genus Flavocetraria (Parmeliaceae,
Ascomycota) in the Southern Hemisphere
Jarle W. Bjerke
Arve Elvebakk
Department of Biology
Faculty of Science
University of Tromsø
N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
Email: jarle.bjerke@ib.uit.no
Abstract The known distribution of the lichens Flavocetraria
cucullata and F. nivalis in the Southern Hemisphere is discussed.
Flavocetraria cucullata occurs at high altitudes in Peru and Bolivia,
whereas F. nivalis ssp. nivalis has a disjunct distribution
in South America, being known from one locality in Peru and from a restricted
area in southernmost Chile and Argentina. These are the first confirmed records
of F. nivalis from Chile. A herbarium specimen annotated “New Zealand”
was found. This enigmatic specimen lacks information on collector and exact
locality. Distribution maps for South America and notes on habitat ecology
and distribution patterns are provided. Possible ages of bipolar lichen disjunctions
are discussed, and it is suggested that the Flavocetraria patterns
indicate a relatively recent establishment in South America. Cetraria
ericetorum, found associated with F. cucullata, is a new record
for Bolivia and northern South America.
Keywords Flavocetraria; lichens; phytogeography;
South America; Andes; bipolar distribution; disjunct distribution
B03047; Received 6 November 2003; accepted 25 March 2004; Online publication
date 21 September 2004
New Zealand Journal of Botany, 2004, Vol. 42: 647-656
0028-825X/04/4204-0647 © The Royal Society of New Zealand 2004
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