New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science abstracts
Seasonal temperatures and the phenology of greedy scale populations (Homoptera:
Diaspididae) on kiwifruit vines in New Zealand
A. J. GREAVES1
J. W. DAVYS2
B. W. DOW1
A. R. TOMKINS1
C. THOMSON1
D. J. WILSON1
1The Horticulture and Food Research Institute
of New Zealand
Ruakura Research Centre
Private Bag 3123
Hamilton, New Zealand
2The New Zealand Pastoral Agriculture
Research Institute Ltd
Ruakura Research Centre
Private Bag 3123
Hamilton, New Zealand
Abstract The development rate response to temperature of
greedy scale,
Hemiberlesia rapax, instars was determined from
development times over a range of constant temperatures. A diurnal temperature
simulation technique employing sine and exponential functions was coupled with
these relationships and used to drive a distributed development period model of
greedy scale phenology. The model was assessed against field data for its
ability to predict first instar presence at one site in the Waikato, New
Zealand. The model was then used to examine possible seasonal variation in the
timing of first instar greedy scale production over the range of kiwifruit
growing climates in New Zealand. The model duplicated field data for first
instar presence well. The results obtained from simulations for a range of
seasons and districts are discussed.
Keywords Hemiberlesia rapax; Actinidia
deliciosa; greedy scale; kiwifruit; armoured scale; model; temperature;
development rate; phenology
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