New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science abstracts
Incidence and distribution of six viruses infecting tamarillo (Cyphomandra
betacea) in New Zealand
ROBIN M. EAGLES*
RICHARD C. GARDNER
School of Biological Sciences
University of Auckland
Private Bag 92 019
Auckland, New Zealand
RICHARD L. S. FORSTER1
The Horticulture and Food Research Institute
of New Zealand
Private Bag 92 169
Auckland, New Zealand
*Present address: c/- Rio Lab, 401 Barker Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, United
States.
Abstract The distribution and incidence of six viruses
infecting tamarillo in New Zealand was investigated in 12 tamarillo orchards
from the four major growing districts--Bay of Islands, Auckland, Bay of Plenty,
and Poverty Bay. Virus infections were assayed by mechanical inoculation to
indicator plants, dot blot analysis, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
(ELISA). Tamarillo mosaic potyvirus (TaMV) was found to be widespread, usually
occurring in 100% of plants. The incidence of TaMV infection was lower (0-40%)
in two orchards that were geographically isolated from any other tamarillo
plantations. Potato aucuba mosaic potexvirus (PAMV) was detected in all growing
regions, typically infecting 40-100% of plants. In the Bay of Plenty and
Poverty Bay districts, cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV; 30-90% infection),
alfalfa mosaic virus (AlMV; 10-80% infection), and tomato spotted wilt
tospovirus (TSWV; 0-90%) were also detected. These viruses were not found in
the other districts. When compared to previous studies, these results show that
TaMV is still the most widespread virus infecting tamarillo, but that in two
major growing districts, AlMV and TSWV are now established at high levels. CMV
is no longer present in all tamarillo-growing districts, being confined to the
two most southern growing regions analysed in this survey. In contrast, PAMV is
now present in all tamarillo-growing regions. Arabis mosaic nepovirus was not
detected in this survey.
Keywords Cyphomandra betacea; tamarillo; virus
disease; tamarillo mosaic potyvirus; potato aucuba mosaic potexvirus; cucumber
mosaic cucumovirus; alfalfa mosaic virus; arabis mosaic nepovirus; tomato
spotted wilt tospovirus
New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 1994, Vol. 22:
453-458
0114-0671/94/2204-0453 $2.50/0 (c) The Royal Society of New Zealand
1994
Short communication
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