New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science abstracts
Pattern of water extraction by grapevines
on two soils in the Waikato, New Zealand
P. L. SINGLETON
D. MAUDSLEY
Manaaki Whenua--Landcare Research
Private Bag 3127
Hamilton, New Zealand
Abstract The water extraction patterns of grapevines
(Vitis vinifera) growing on two Waikato soils of contrasting properties
were investigated. One soil, the Horotiu silt loam, consisted of silt loam on
gravelly coarse sand. In this soil 50% of the water extraction occurred in the
top 40 cm of soil. Extraction was highest in the top 20 cm and gradually
reduced down to c. 70 cm depth which corresponded to the change from silt loam
to gravelly coarse sand. The measured rate of water extraction by the vine
corresponded to the predicted evapotranspiration rate up to 62 mm of
extraction. Above 62 mm the measured rate of extraction from the soil fell off
rapidly but all the vine's water needs were supplied by deep subsurface roots.
The second soil studied, the Te Kauwhata clay loam, consisted of clay on a firm
sandy clay pan at 110 cm. Fifty percent of water extraction occurred in the top
80 cm of soil. Water extraction was highest in the top 10 cm and also in the
70-110 cm zone. Water moving downslope above the pan was able to supply water
to the plant.
Keywords Vitis vinifera; grapevines; water use; water
extraction; soil water; roots; soil morphology
New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 1996, Vol. 24:
415-424
0114-0671/96/2404-0415 $2.50/0 (c) The Royal Society of New Zealand
1996
Short communication
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