New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science abstracts
History of Boysenberry and Youngberry in New Zealand in relation to their
problems with Boysenberry decline, the association of a fungal pathogen,
and possibly a phytoplasma, with this disease
G. A. WOOD
M. T. ANDERSEN
R. L. S. FORSTER
The Horticulture and Food Research
Institute of New Zealand
Mt Albert Research Centre
Private Bag 92 169
Auckland, New Zealand
M. BRAITHWAITE
Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry
National Plant Pest Reference Laboratory
P. O. Box 24
Lincoln, New Zealand
H. K. HALL
The Horticulture and Food Research
Institute of New Zealand
Nelson Research Centre
P. O. Box 220
Motueka, New Zealand
Abstract The history of Boysenberry (
Rubus ursinus
Chamisso & Schlenhtendal) and Youngberry (
R. ursinus derivative)
were traced from their origins in the United States, to their importation into
New Zealand, and subsequent use as the major
Rubus crops. The
investigation into possible causes of Boysenberry decline disease are
described, and the probable association of the recently detected
Cercosporella rubi fungus with this decline is discussed, as is the
presence of
Phormium yellow leaf phytoplasma in some Boysenberry decline
affected plants. A graft-transmissible agent in Boysenberries, which may be
C. rubi, was shown to take several seasons to induce visible symptoms
following graft inoculation. The means by which
C. rubi may have gained
entry to New Zealand by the importation of infected blackberry (
Rubus
spp
.) cultivars from the southern United States is discussed, as is
the means by which
C. rubi may have been spread within New Zealand.
Keywords Rubus; Boysenberry; Youngberry; Boysenberry
decline disease; Cercosporella rubi fungus; Phormium yellow leaf
phytoplasma; disease introduction; disease spread
H99026
Received 21 July 1999; accepted 22 October 1999
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