New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science abstracts
Effects of irrigation and sowing date on phenology and yield of pinto beans
(Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Canterbury, New Zealand
H. K. DAPAAH
B. A. MCKENZIE
G. D. HILL
Department of Plant Science
Lincoln University
Canterbury, New Zealand
email: McKenzie@whio.lincoln.ac.nz
Abstract The phenology, yield, and yield components of pinto
beans (
Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were examined in the 1994/95 and 1995/96
growing seasons in Canterbury, New Zealand. In the first season, irrigation
treatments (nil and full) combined with two sowing dates (27 October and 24
November) were studied. In 1995/96, pinto beans were sown on four dates (1, 15,
29 November and 13 December) with or without irrigation. Temperature was about
average during the two seasons, but they were drier (50 and 60% of the
long-term mean total rainfall, respectively) than usual. There was a highly
significant positive relationship (
r2 = 0.98;
P <
0.0001) between the rate of development from emergence to flowering (E-F) and
mean temperature, but no relationship with photoperiod. All the development
stages depended on accumulated thermal time above a base temperature of 7deg.C.
The mean accumulated thermal times for E-F, flowering to podding, podding to
physiological maturity, and sowing to harvest were 306, 79, 392, and 974deg.C
days, respectively. Seed yield was up to 378 g/m
2 with
irrigation. Fully irrigated crops (averaged over both seasons) yielded 50-70%
higher than the unirrigated crops. The mid-late November-sown crops that were
irrigated yielded 362 g/m
2, 15% greater than the irrigated late
October-early November and December-sown crops. Seed yield differences among
treatments were highly influenced by the number of pods/plant and 100 seed
weight. The results indicated that pinto beans should be sown in mid-late
November, and with irrigation to achieve high yields.
Keywords irrigation; sowing date; pinto beans; phenology;
seed yield; yield components
H98050
Received 15 October 1998; accepted 8 September 1999
PDF file of entire paper: medium quality (684K); (scanned from paper original: notes about this process)
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