New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science abstracts
Review of literature on camellia flower blight caused by Ciborinia
camelliae
C. H. TAYLOR
P. G. LONG
Institute of Natural Resources
Massey University
P. O. Box 11 222
Palmerston North, New Zealand
email: P.G.Long@massey.ac.nz
Abstract Ciborinia camelliae Kohn is the most
destructive pest or disease problem of camellias (
Camellia spp.) The
pathogen is related to common and widespread plant pathogens in the genera
Sclerotinia and
Botrytinia (anamorph=
Botrytis). Sclerotia
form in infected petals and remain dormant in plant debris until the next
season. In early spring, apothecia are produced from the sclerotia and release
windborne ascospores. Infection causes the petals to turn brown and the flowers
to fall prematurely. The disease has been identified in Japan (1919), the
United States (1938), New Zealand (1993), and parts of Europe (1999). It has
now spread over the lower North Island and upper South Island of New Zealand,
with isolated outbreaks in Christchurch and Auckland. Control of this disease
has proved difficult even though: (1) only camellia flowers are infected, (2)
there is no secondary infection, and (3) ascospores are present for only 2-3
months each year. To date, fungicides have given less than satisfactory control
of the disease and possible control measures are reviewed. Interest in
potential biocontrol agents is growing but remains an unexplored alternative.
Resistant varieties offer the best management option for the future.
Keywords Ciborinia camelliae; camellia flower blight;
distribution; epidemiology; apothecia; sclerotia; control
H99051
Received 9 December 1999; accepted 30 March 2000
Review
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