New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science abstracts
A new wood decay of kiwifruit in Italy
S. DI MARCO
F. CALZARANO
CNR, Centro di Studio dei Fitofarmaci
Via Filippo Re 8-40126
Bologna, Italy
W. GAMS
Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures
P. O. Box 273
3740 AG Baarn Netherlands
A. CESARI
c/- Dipartimento di Protezione
e Valorizzazione
Agroalimentare
Università degli Studi
Bologna, Italy
Abstract A previously undescribed form of wood decay of
kiwifruit (
Actinidia deliciosa (A. Chev.) C. F. Liang et A. R. Ferguson)
plants was observed in 8-10-year-old Emilia Romagna orchards in north-central
Italy. Symptoms appear as unspecific interveinal chlorosis of the leaf, which
later may become necrotic resulting in premature leaf drop. Fruits never grow
as large as on healthy plants nor do they reach full maturity. This foliage
chlorosis occurred on current season's shoots developing from canes growing
horizontally from the cordon. Cross-sections of the wood show white rot areas
surrounded by brown necrosis of hard consistency, preceding the white rot in
the colonisation of the wood. Isolations from the zone of hard consistency onto
Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium yielded
Phaeoacremonium aleophilum,
P. inflatipes,
P. chlamydosporum,
P. rubrigenum, and to a
lesser extent,
Phialophora sp., whereas
Phellinus conchatus was
commonly isolated from white rot diseased tissue. Although pathogenicity
studies on host plants are still being carried out, a strong similarity with
esca disease of grapevine could clearly be noticed.
Keywords kiwifruit; wood decay; Phaeoacremonium spp.;
Phellinus conchatus
Di Marco et al.--A new wood decay of kiwifruit
H99027
Received 23 July 1999; accepted 19 November 1999
Short communication
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