New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science abstracts
H00014
Received 16 June 2000; accepted 17 November 2000
In vitro virus elimination in three Andean root crops: oca (Oxalis
tuberosa), ulluco (Ullucus tuberosus), and arracacha (Arracacia
xanthorrhiza)
P. J. FLETCHER
J. D. FLETCHER
New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food
Research Limited
Private Bag 4704
Christchurch, New Zealand
email (P. J. Fletcher): fletcherp@crop.cri.nz
email (J. D. Fletcher): fletcherj@crop.cri.nz
Abstract Accessions of three Andean root crops--oca
(
Oxalis tuberosa Molina), ulluco (
Ullucus tuberosus Caldas), and
arracacha (
Arracacia xanthorrhiza Bancr.) were imported into quarantine
in New Zealand.
Using nitrocellulose membrane-ELISA, herbaceous hosts,
and electron microscopy, the accessions were found to be infected with the
following viruses. In oca:
Arracacha virus B (AVB),
Papaya mosaic
virus (PapMV), and
Ullucus mild mottle virus (UMMV); in ulluco:
Ullucus virus C (UVC),
Ullucus mosaic virus (UMV), PapMV,
and
UMMV; and in arracacha:
Arracacha A virus (AVA). To comply with
quarantine requirements the viruses had to be eliminated. Except with one
accession of oca that was infected with TMV/U, this was successfully achieved
using a protocol of
in vitro virus elimination that combined heat and
chemical therapy. Stem nodal sections of oca and ulluco and shoot tips of
arracacha were established in tissue culture on a growth medium containing 50
mg/litre ribavirin. These explants underwent 10 days of continuous heat therapy
of alternating 4 h light at 35°C: 4 h dark at
31°C, after which time the resultant shoots were 1 cm long and
ready to be excised and grown up on growth medium without ribavirin. They were
grown under normal tissue culture conditions of 24°C under
fluorescent lights with a photoperiod of 16 h. The plantlets were then
introduced to glasshouse conditions in preparation for field trials, analyses,
and evaluations.
Keywords Andean root crops; oca; Oxalis tuberosa;
ulluco; Ullucus tuberosus; arracacha; Arracacia xanthorrhiza;
in vitro virus elimination; ribavirin; heat therapy; Arracacha A
virus (AVA); Arracacha virus B (AVB); Arracacha latent virus
(ALV); Papaya mosaic virus (PapMV); Ullucus virus C (UVC);
Ullucus mild mottle virus (UMMV); Ullucus mosaic virus (UMV)
New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 2001, Vol. 29:
23-28
0014-0671/00/2901-0023 $7.00 (c) The Royal Society of New Zealand 2001
PDF file of entire paper: medium quality (842K); (scanned from paper original: notes about this process)
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