New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science abstracts
Effects of cultural practices at harvest on onion (Allium cepa)bulb
quality and incidence of bacterial soft rot and fungal moulds after simulated
shipping
P. J. Wright
New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food
Research Limited
Cronin Road, RD 1
Pukekohe, New Zealand
email: wrightp@crop.cri.nz
C. M. Triggs
Department of Statistics
University of Auckland
Private Bag 92 019
Auckland, New Zealand
Abstract A field study was carried out to investigate
the effects of cultural practices at and after harvest on onion (Allium
cepa) bulb quality and incidence of storage rots and fungal moulds after
both ambient and refrigerated simulated shipping. Onion plants were lifted
at one of two stages of maturity, cured under three moisture conditions,
and topped at two different times. Refrigerated simulated shipping reduced
the incidence of rots, even in bulbs cured under dry or ambient moisture
conditions, from 2.6% to 0.9%. Refrigeration also reduced the severity of
surface moulds; the percentage of bulbs with commercially undesirable levels
being reduced from 54% to 21%. Refrigeration also resulted in out-turn of
a larger proportion of bulbs with green-yellow skins. The combination of
topping before field curing and wet conditions during field curing increased
the incidence of rots in bulbs after simulated shipping in ambient and refrigerated
conditions. Dry field curing conditions increased the incidence of skin splitting
in bulbs lifted at 90% top-down, but not in those lifted at 25% top-down,
where average incidence of splitting was less than 1%. Lifting at 25% top-down
resulted in a greater proportion of bulbs with two or more intact outer skins,
and reduced the incidence of skin splitting. Modification of husbandry practices,
monitoring of the weather during harvest, and refrigerated shipping are recommended
as measures to reduce the incidence of bacterial soft rot and improve the
quality of onion bulbs in storage and transit.
Keywords onion; Allium cepa; soft rot; curing;
harvest; agronomic methods; bulb quality; storage
H03111; Received 5 December 2003; accepted 1 March 2004; Online publication
date 15 June 2004
New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 2004, Vol. 32:
185-192
0014-0671/04/3202-0185 $7.00 © The Royal Society of New Zealand
2004
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