New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science
abstracts
Effects of the field environment before and after seed physiological maturity
on hollow heart occurrence in garden pea (Pisum sativum)
T. Shinohara
Department of Agronomy
Kasetsart University
Bangkok 10900, Thailand
J. G. Hampton
Bio-Protection and Ecology Division
P.O. Box 84, Lincoln University
Canterbury, New Zealand
email: hamptonj@lincoln.ac.nz
M. J. Hill
Seed Technology Institute Australia Pty Ltd
P.O. Box 410, Blackwood
SA 5051, Australia
Abstract Hollow heart, a pea seed disorder,
reduces pea seed vigour. It is associated with high temperature after seed
set, but the susceptible seed development stage is not entirely clear. A field
trial in New Zealand involving three sowing times (September, October, and
November 2003) and three garden pea (Pisum sativum) cultivars (‘Rainier’, ‘Early
Onward’, and ‘Alderman’) was conducted to determine if the
predisposing stage to the disorder could be identified. Hourly thermal time (HTT)
at a base temperature (Tb) of 25°C when seed moisture content (SMC) was 70–80%
was correlated positively with hollow heart incidence at harvest maturity (HM),
but this response differed among cultivars. HTT (Tb = 25°C) when SMC was
15–25% was not correlated with hollow heart incidence at HM, if data for
all cultivars were included in the correlation analysis. However, an increase
in hollow heart incidence after seed had dried to between 15% and 25% SMC occurred
with increasing HTT (Tb = 25°C) in ‘Alderman’. These results
demonstrate that there are genetic differences in susceptibility to hollow heart.
The hypothesis that hollow heart is associated with a starch deficiency in the
adaxial region of the cotyledons, and that cultivar differences are related to
differing efficiencies of assimilate transport into seeds at high temperatures
is discussed.
Keywords Pisum sativum; garden
pea; seed vigour; hollow heart; temperature; thermal time; seed moisture content;
cultivar
New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 2006, Vol. 34:
247–255
0014–0671/06/3403–0247 © The Royal
Society of New Zealand 2006
H05061; Online publication date 31 July 2006. Received 1 June 2005;
accepted 1 May 2006
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