New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science
abstracts
Location of deterioration within garden pea (Pisum sativum) cotyledons is associated with the timing of exposure to high temperature
T. Shinohara
Department of Agronomy
Kasetsart University
Bangkok 10900, Thailand
J. G. Hampton
Bio-Protection and Ecology Division
P.O. Box 84, Lincoln University
Canterbury, New Zealand
email: hamptonj@lincoln.ac.nz
M. J. Hill
Seed Technology Institute Australia Pty Ltd
P.O. Box 410, Blackwood
SA 5051, Australia
Abstract Plants of two garden pea (Pisum sativum)
cultivars (‘Alderman’ and ‘Early Onward’) were exposed to high
temperature (30/25°C; day/night, 12 h each) at five different
stages (during seed development, S1 - S2; at physiological maturity
(PM), S3; and during seed maturation, S4 - S5) to determine the effect
of high temperature on seed quality parameters and the location of
deteriorated tissues within the cotyledons at each stage. High
temperature applied at the beginning of seed filling (S1) significantly
decreased thousand seed weight in both cultivars, and germination in
‘Alderman’. Hollow heart was significantly increased in both cultivars
when high temperature was applied at the rapid seed fill stage (S2),
but not when applied at other stages. There was a significant cultivar
by treatment duration interaction at S2 for hollow heart incidence -
‘Alderman’ was more susceptible to hollow heart than ‘Early Onward’.
Single seed conductivity was significantly increased by high
temperature at S4 and S5 in both cultivars, and in ‘Alderman’ high
temperature at S1 - S3 also increased leachate from the seeds. The
location of deteriorated cells within the cotyledons differed depending
on the timing of the high temperature treatment. Treatment at S2
resulted in deterioration at the adaxial surface of the cotyledons;
with treatments at S4 - S5, deterioration occurred at the abaxial
cotyledonary surface. The results suggest that the susceptible portion
of pea cotyledons to high temperature during pre-PM stages is different
from that during post-PM stages, and that the hollow heart test and the
conductivity test detect deterioration located at different positions
within the cotyledons. This may lead to the occasional inconsistency
between the two tests.
Keywords Pisum sativum; garden pea; seed vigour; hollow heart; conductivity; temperature; seed development; seed maturation; cultivar
New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 2006, Vol. 34: 299 - 309
0014 - 0671/06/3404 - 0299 © The Royal Society of New Zealand 2006
H06061; Online publication date 5 October 2006. Received 26 June 2006; accepted 25 August 2006
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