New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics abstracts
Feasibility study for geodetic monitoring of Mt Ruapehu volcano, New
Zealand, using GPS
Vicki Miller
School of Earth Science
Victoria University of Wellington
P.O. Box 600
Wellington, New Zealand
Tony Hurst
John Beavan
Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences
P.O. Box 30 368
Lower Hutt, New Zealand
Abstract Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers
were installed on Ruapehu volcano for a 10 month experiment to determine
their utility for providing continuous real-time deformation monitoring.
Several processing runs were carried out to study the effects of ionospheric
and tropospheric modelling and the use of predicted orbits on the noise levels
of relative position determinations between receivers in the GPS network.
Lowest noise levels were achieved with a system that solved for relative
tropospheric delay between stations, and created a local ionosphere model
using a dual frequency receiver. The use of predicted orbits rather than
more accurate post-processed orbits did not degrade the solutions for this
small-scale (6 km dimension) network. Our results imply that a real-time
system would detect relative vertical deformation that exceeds 25 mm and
relative horizontal deformation that exceeds 10 mm over a several week period.
Modelling of expected deformation leading to a small, shallow-source (c.
1 km) eruption, with an associated pressure change of 106Pa, indicated
maximum vertical displacements of 40-70 mm could be expected at 300-600 m
from the conduit centre, with horizontal displacements of 15-45 mm at 300-700
m. Such changes would be detectable by a real-time GPS monitoring system.
Keywords Global Positioning System; GPS; ground deformation;
displacements; monitoring; modelling; Ruapehu
G02008 Received 7 February 2002; accepted 3 October 2002; published 21
March 2003
New Zealand Journal of Geology & Geophysics, 2003, Vol. 46: 41-46
0028-8306/03/4601-0041 $7.00/0 © The Royal Society of New Zealand
2003
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