New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research abstracts

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First record of the Australian ascidian Eudistoma elongatum in northern New Zealand

Peter J. Smith

National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Limited
Private Bag 14901
Wellington, New Zealand
email: p.smith@niwa.co.nz

Mike Page

Sean J. Handley

National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Limited
P.O. Box 893
Nelson, New Zealand

S. Margaret Mcveagh

National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Limited
Private Bag 14901
Wellington, New Zealand

Merrick Ekins

Queensland Museum
P.O. Box 3300
South Brisbane 4101
Brisbane, Australia

Abstract A colonial ascidian was first reported by marine farmers in Houhora Harbour, Northland, New Zealand in early 2005 and subsequently found on oyster racks in Parengarenga Harbour and the Bay of Islands. The Northland ascidian was identified with a combination of morphological characters and DNA cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) sequence data, as Eudistoma elongatum, a species native to Australia, where it is found from northern New South Wales to Northern Queensland, and distinguished from Eudistoma circumvallatum, the only reported species in this genus from New Zealand. Ascidian larvae are weak dispersers and long distance dispersal of E. elongatum is likely to be enhanced by vectors such as oyster barges and/or movement of cultured oysters. In its native range, E. elongatum is restricted to areas with a minimum winter sea temperature of 16°C. Assuming similar biological limitations apply in New Zealand, the spread of E. elongatum might be restricted to northern New Zealand (north of latitude 37°S).

Keywords colonial ascidian; invasion; biosecurity; mitochondrial DNA

New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 2007, Vol. 41: 347–355
0028–8330/07/4104–0347     © The Royal Society of New Zealand 2007

M07030; Online publication date 9 November 2007
Received 8 June 2007; accepted 19 July 2007

 

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